Encryption is the process of turning information into text by using an algorithm (called a cipher) in order to enable anyone to read it except those with a particular identification, usually referred to as a key. The result of this process is encrypted information, also known as ciphertext.

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Fraud has been a considerable concern in every corporate sector, although the financial sector is the most affected and the one undertaking the most measures to prevent it in addition to respecting and complying with regulations by competent bodies.

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October 28, 2021 – The National Data Protection Authority (ANPD), which is the regulatory and supervisory body for the protection of personal data in Brazil, has published on October 4, 2021 a new guide called “Information Security Guidelines for Small Processing Agents”.

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Not many Brazilians are aware that Statute #13,964, of December 24, 2019, emerging from the former Justice Minister Sérgio Moro's anti-crime package, has brought a great innovation that could change the scenery of corruption  and other crimes in Brazil, especially the  "White collar” ones. It amended another Statute, #13,608, by introducing the role of the informer. Introducing protective measures therefor, such as: (i) full protection against retaliation, establishing specific sanctions for those who retaliate; (ii) exemption from civil or criminal liability in relation to a report in good faith; and (iii) identity confidentiality. Furthermore, the Statute provided for a reward of up to 5% of the amount recovered, when information results in recovery of revenue resulting from crimes against the public administration (government).

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One of the biggest challenges for a company's adequacy projects to personal data protection's legislation is matching the processing of certain personal data in any legal basis available in the law; depending on the country and, consequently, on its local law, there is not even the possibility of choosing a legal basis for matching, as occurs, for example, in the USA. However, this difficulty affects both Brazil and most European countries.

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In February 2020, the European Data Protection Board released a recommendation guide on essential guarantees for surveillance measures implemented under the European General Data Protection Regulation – GDPR.

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The fight against corruptionin Italy has always been a great challenge, considering the difficulties inconfronting organized crime, especially the mafia, which has received differentnames depending on the region, such as the Camorra in Naples, the Cosa Nostrain Sicily, and the 'Ndrangheta in Calabria.

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Brazil is currently going through the most severe water shortage in the last 91 years, according to CNN. This impacts the power supply crisis, leading to notice after notice  on increases in the consumer's electricity bill, determined by the Brazilian Electricity Regulatory Agency (Aneel), as more expensive energy sources such as thermoelectric plants need to be activated or have their production increased to compensate for the limitations imposed on hydroelectric power plants, as they have no input material.

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The Brazilian General Data Protection Act (LGPD) entered into force in September 2020, introducing the role of Data Protection Officer (DPO). In the Act, the role is described as the person appointed by the controller and processor to act as a communication channel between the controller, the data subjects and the National Data Protection Authority (ANPD).

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In the corporate world of finance, ESG is “in”. Indeed, ESG is an acronym of three words in English, meaning environmental, social, and governance.

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In May 2021, the State of Arkansas in the United States published the HB1709 bill prohibiting manufacturers from offering discount on any product containing insulin, with the exception of the discount provided directly to the end user in the form of a pharmaceutical manufacturer discount coupon and which can be obtained through the National Council for Prescription Drug Programs e-prescribing service.

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